Wireless charging circuit explanation

     Yesterday I have posted about the making of simple wireless energy transfer circuit, click here to see the DIY wireless power transfer circuit project . Today I am going to explain about the working principle of the circuit.

      I have posted about the full theoretical explanation about the full concept behind the wireless transfer of charges, click here to see about the full theoretical concept of the wireless energy transfer
The below article describes the circuit which i have posted yesterday.

CIRCUIT WORKING:

At first, the transistor is in off condition and the current from the battery directly flows through the 15 turns of the winding coil and through the 1kilo ohms resistor,  And ending in the base of the transistor.  Since it is in base bias condition now the current flows through the collector end and through the rest of 15 turns of the transmitting coil which creates a magnetic flux through the coil.
This magnetic flux created cuts the coil at 15 turns winding to the base and produces the voltage in addition to the voltage produced by the battery.  Which increases the current into the base region of the npn transistor until it becomes off. since the collector side winding has maximum flux the base winding flux doesnt be considered and it has no affect.  After that again the current in the base region becomes small and transistor turns on again.  The current through the collector winding reduces and the magnetic flux starts to collapse and produce a voltage (in both windings) of opposite polarity.

      In the base, it starts to turn the transistor off completely and in the collector
winding the magnetic flux is quite considerable because it is collapsing very
quickly and it radiates this magnetic energy to the air.  When you put another coil near the first coil, the magnetic energy passes  through the centre of the coil and produces a voltage in the turns.

      This voltage can be as much as one volt per turn but when the voltage reaches
the threshold voltage of the LED, the energy (consisting of voltage and
current) is converted to a CURRENT and the LED illuminates. You can put 2 LEDs
on the receiving coil to see the voltage it produces.

      The circuit will be much more efficient if the 1k resistor is placed before the
base winding and a 1n to 22n connected between the 1k and negative of the
battery. Try this and the brightness will increase and the current from the battery will decrease!!

ALITER:

       The above circuit we created is an circuit which has oscillatory behavior or simply it is an oscillator circuit.  As in the joule thief circuit this circuit takes electricity from the battery source we have given which is whether it is 1.5 or 9 V battery though the led takes about 3 volt to light up the joule thief circuit aids 1.5 volt battery to light up the led we can also say the joule thief circuit as the step up converter and also an oscillator.  I will post about the joule thief effect in tommorow's blog post.   
        Lets use transformer for example to explain this wireless transfer circuit. A normal transformer has a core with wires on either side. Lets suppose the wire on each side of the transformer is equal in amount. When electricity is passed through one coil, the coil becomes an electromagnet due to the faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. If the electricity is oscillating voltage, that means the voltage would keep rising and dropping. So when an oscillating electricity is passed through the coil, the wire gains properties of electromagnet and then again loses electromagnetism when the voltage drops.
         A coil of wire becoming electromagnet and then losing its electromagnetic characteristics really fast is just like a magnet moving really fast in and out of the second coil. And when you pass a magnet really fast through coil of wires, you produce electricity, so the oscillating voltage in one coil on the transformer, induces electricity in the other coil of wire, and thus wirelessly electricity is transferred from one coil to the other. In our circuit, the air is the core, and there is oscillating voltage going through the first coil, so you induce A.C electricity in the second coil and light up the LED!

          So for our circuit we just used a L.E.D to show the output. But we could do more than that! The receiver circuit receives A.C electricity, so we could use Large step up converter to use the output from the receiver coil to light up CFC bulbs! Also it is great for some cool magic tricks, fun gifts,and science projects for class. Also you could change the diameter of the coils and number of turns on the coils to maximize the results. Also you could try making pancake coils, and see how it goes! The possibilities are endless!!

 I WILL SOON POST A VIDEO ABOUT THE MAKING OF THE CIRCUIT DONT WORRY.

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About Sooriyamathy

This blog is created to explain people the concepts, which they are finding difficult to understand in electrical and electronics world. This blog also post stuff related to stargazing.